Unexpected government reactions to the demonstrations have become the best option to resolve the repercussions in the country.

• Demonstrations in Najaf Governorate
  

with the rest of the provinces. The demonstration started from al-Sadr square with the gathering of 315 contract employees holding slogans, calling on the concerned parties to implement their demands, which they have called for since the start of the demonstrations and so far.

The demonstrators also called for the amendment of Paragraph (B) of Article 61, which relates to the duration of service, where they demanded that the term of installation is reduced to two years instead of five years and that the state cover the financial rights of the installers of contracts instead of their government institutions, as stipulated in the paragraph.

The protesters went to the House of Representatives, and a unified statement was submitted by the coordination and representatives of 315 contract employees. A demonstrator read the statement in front of the Office of the Council of members to the members of the House of Representatives. As the representatives of the people asked the parties concerned to intervene quickly and work to implement the demands of the demonstrators as the they warned the government that it must respond to the demands of the demonstrators; otherwise, they would have a more robust response, which is to declare an open sit-in until the fulfillment of the demands. Finally, the statement was delivered to one of the Office of the House of Representative's representatives in the city, where the latter promised to raise these demands to the concerned authorities.

• On the same day, in response to the demonstrators’ request, a group of parliamentarians from Babil Governorate submitted a request to the First Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives regarding this segment, which included the following:

  1- Adding a paragraph to install the contractors in the 2022 budget and inform the relevant authorities (Ministry of Finance - Ministry of Planning - Governorates) to prepare the financial costs necessary to implement this paragraph.

  2- Calculating the wage service and reducing the installation years from 5 years to 2 or 3 years according to their importance.

  Including the procedures appointed after 10/2/2019 and the procedures for the years 2020-2021 Resolution 315.

  Coverage of post-appointment procedures 2 /10 /2019 2020-2021 resolution 315.

  Security forces have not used any violence or intervened to organize the protesters. The demonstration continued with its peacefulness until it ended on the same day.

free at a public school in Nasiriyah, said he worked as a volunteer lecturer for more than five years. He and a number of his colleagues contracted with the Ministry of education to work for free, hoping that they would be appointed to the permanent staff in the future. Now that the government is still procrastinating on the issue of their appointment, so they decided to escalate and pressure the government by cutting roads and burning tires until government acquiesces to their demands.

governor also added to the necessity for the demonstrators to take the fundamental approvals to hold the demonstrations and not take any escalatory step that harms the citizens and disrupts the traffic movement.

In terms of security, the monitoring team noted that the security forces avoided approaching the demonstrators but instead took the spectator position from a distance of hundreds of meters from the demonstrators' site, where they monitored the movement of the demonstrators. It did not perform its security duty to protect the demonstrators or organize their movement. Despite the road closure and burning tires now, the demonstration continued without any incidents, and in the end, the demonstrators opened bridges. As a result, the movement returned to normal in the area. Alternatively, in the media, the demonstration events were published on social networks, and the Nasiriyah News Network and the local Nasiriyah TV and Radio published a government document criticizing the demonstrators' behavior in terms of burning tires and closing roads and bridges.

The reasons for the demonstrations / the demands of the demonstrators

By reviewing the demonstrations and events in several Iraqi governorates, the most prominent reasons that led to the start of the demonstrations can be reviewed as follows:

• Reluctance to implement Resolution 315, which stipulates legal, financial, and organizational treatment for workers as contract and daily wages.
• The spread of corruption.
• Demanding appointment to be permanent staff of the government.

Notes on the security authorities’ handling of gatherings:

The demonstrations, in general, were peaceful, and their focus was economic research, which was to improve economic conditions for contract employees. Such demonstrations can be considered a description of the dire reality of the economic conditions of a large segment of society. In the face of these demands, the security authorities dealt peacefully and passively at the same time. The security forces resorted not to dealing with the demonstrators and staying away from the demonstrators by a short distance. This behavior by the security forces can be taken as a negative security indicator in carrying out its duties in protecting the demonstrators.