Iraq is in hot water, with interference from outside and cracking from inside.

• Demonstrations in Najaf Governorate

Similar to what happened in the Najaf Governorate, the demonstrations spread to Karbala Governorate, where four separate demonstrations were launched to denounce the Turkish bombing.

demonstrators stormed the gates of the Visa Granting Center and wrote on the walls - closed by order of the people -. On the security front, the security forces resorted to using force to break up the

lawyer called for the removal of the armed groups present on Iraqi territory, which the Turkish side invoked as a pretext for the bombing. Local media accompanied the protest through radio channels and websites. At the end of their protest, the lawyers announced the formation of a team to file lawsuits and defend the wounded injured by the Turkish shelling.

On the evening of the same day, more than 100 people gathered in the city center near the Ahrar roundabout, most of them activists and human rights defenders, in the presence of local media, to denounce the Turkish shelling of Iraqi territory, where the demonstrators raised large banners with words of denunciation and condemnation of the targeting of northern areas.

• Demonstrations in Muthanna governorate
  

the "Al-Muthanna Graduates Uprising" page and the graduate-Ali Star account - on the Facebook platform. The sit-in included an almost complete blockage of the governor's street by laying on the ground and chanting several slogans explaining that the governor of Al-Muthanna and the

On the security side, there was a force of the security forces, and their numbers increased with the rise of the protesters’ speeches, which included treason against the ruling parties in particular - the Dawa Party - as it is the party in control of power and is not cooperating with the demonstrators. On the other hand, the governor’s procrastination and lack of cooperation with the graduates of the Al-Muthanna governorate were criticized.

         The sit-in continued to cut off Governorate Street, which is considered one of the closest streets leading to Samawa Central Hospital, until the next day, when it was agreed between representatives of the Muthanna graduates' demonstrators and several security ranks represented by the Muthanna Governorate Police Command to withdraw the sit-in and end the sit-in temporarily. At the same time, the demonstration representatives indicated that the withdrawal was made out of respect for the ranks that negotiated to end the sit-in and not for specific people. Therefore, it was agreed to end the sit-in on Sunday night, emphasizing the continuation of the Muthanna graduates' demonstrations and the call for a more extensive demonstration soon.

Governmentally, there was no statement or clarification by the governor of Muthanna, the representatives representing the Muthanna governorate in the House of Representatives, or even the Muthanna Governorate Police Command. The media was limited to social media channels, in which some aspects of the demonstration were published.

governor of Muthanna - Ahmed Manfi - and by members of the House of Representatives representing the Muthanna governorate and basic manipulation of the mechanism for selecting those covered by the thousand job grades. The demonstration included the participation of hundreds of male and female graduates, which started from the ceremonies square in the Muthanna governorate and headed towards the governorate building, and arrived at the guest house in the Muthanna Governor's house.

When he announced - one of the demonstrators - that the thousand job grades are from the share of the demonstrators from the Muthanna graduates. They were sleeping on the ground for long periods. They demonstrated a lot under the sun, and these thousand grades were determined after the meeting of the representatives of the Muthanna graduate protesters with the Prime Minister, Mr. Mustafa Al-Kazemi - followed by a meeting with the President of The House of Representatives, Mr. Muhammad Al-Halbousi. After these two meetings, a thousand job grades were approved, after the two presidents were provided with a list of 861 graduates from Al-Muthanna Governorate. Meanwhile, Al-Muthanna Governorate formed a committee that established a unique mechanism to select a thousand job grades from graduates. This mechanism will include all graduates and move away from its primary goal of calming the demonstrations and thus not including all protesters with these job grades ultimately, meaning that the selection will be within the mechanism approved by the formed committee, which determines the year of graduation, specialization, and location of residence. Not all demonstrators will accept the advertised job grades as criteria for acceptance.

The demonstration continued to be in front of the private guest house in Muthanna Governorate until the end of the official working hours at two o’clock in the afternoon, and the demonstrators dispersed peacefully and with the promise of a very large sit-in. At the same time, there was no statement, statement, or clarification by the local government or representatives of the House of Representatives from the governorate. Al-Muthanna or even the Muthanna Governorate Police Command about the demonstrations. In terms of security, the security forces dealt professionally with the demonstration. Furthermore, their role was to ensure the safety and peacefulness of the demonstration. As for the media, it was limited to social media only.

• Demonstrations in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate
  

As a result of this attack, some representatives of contract employees in the directorate of Diwaniyah municipality went out to protest, attended by the director of the municipality - Haider Marzouk - and many sector officials and a large number of employees of permanent owners, contracts and daily wages. - Muhammad Farhoud Lafta Al-Zaidi - Vice President of the Mechanics Syndicate, at this stand.

On the other hand, the media office of the head of the Federation of Trade Unions in Diwaniyah issued a statement denouncing the attack that took place. The statement condemned the attack and considered it an immoral and brutal act by assaulting, beatings, and insulting the dignity of hygiene engineers who need an umbrella of security protection.

Al-Khafaji pointed out that "preserving the worker's moral and legal rights is one of the tasks entrusted to us, as banners and voices will be raised today in front of the sector building to restore moral rights." Legally, the union's legal advisor filed a lawsuit in the Labor Court against these subversive and outlaw groups. This event and the stand ended peacefully, and no violation or violence was observed from the security side. The work of the security forces was limited to facilitating the movement of peaceful gatherings by closing streets, redirecting traffic, and protecting the gathering from harassment. As for the role of the media, it was limited to social networking sites.

• Demonstrations in Baghdad governorate

The pace of tension has increased in Baghdad, especially after the demonstrators, supporters of the Sadrist movement, stormed the parliament amid security alert and tension

including 25 soldiers, confirming the continued mobilization of its institutions from hospitals and health centers to aid and treat the wounded.

Until this report was written, the demonstrations were still ongoing, and there was no indication that they would end. On the contrary, the leaked audio recordings of the former Prime Minister of Iraq - Nuri al-Maliki - provoked a violent wave of demonstrations, as Iraq is witnessing a violent clash between two political forces, a bloc - Nuri al-Maliki - and a current - Muqtada al-Sadr - obstructing the installation of the government and threatening to drag the country into a quagmire of new violence. The crisis reached its most severe when audio recordings attributed to the leader of the State of Law coalition - Nuri al-Maliki - were leaked, in which he attacked his political opponent, the leader of the Sadrist movement. The leaks included sectarian accusations leveled at Sunni and Kurdish politicians from the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Sadrist movement. In addition, the leaks included insults to the Sadrist movement and its leader. Moreover, another part of the leaked recording indicated that Iraq is on the verge of a fierce war against Al-Sadr, Al-Halbousi and Al-Barzani, stressing that he will take refuge with his clan "Bani Malik." due to a lack of trust in Iraqi and the army forces.

The security forces dealt with the situation and the demonstrators calmly. Furthermore, there was no reaction from the security forces, despite the demonstrators' storming of the parliament building and its control.

• The reasons for the demonstrations / the demands of the demonstrators 

By reviewing the demonstrations and events in several Iraqi governorates, the most prominent reasons that led to the start of the demonstrations can be reviewed as follows:

• The Turkish bombing, which left behind dead and wounded people, was considered by the citizens a violation of Iraq's sovereignty
• Dismissal of the current government and formation of a national government.
• Claiming opportunities for appointment to government sectors.
• Exceeding and assaulting government employees
• Prosecuting the corrupt.

Notes on the security authorities' handling of gatherings:

Despite the reasons for the demonstrations, they differed which centered on two topics: the Turkish bombing and the audio leaks - of Nuri al-Maliki - the former Prime Minister of Iraq. However, the security forces committed to their professionalism in dealing with the demonstrators. Although the demonstrations this time went deep into the parliament dome and took control of it. The behavior of the security forces came for two reasons. First, Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kazemi's call to deal professionally with the demonstrators and not to use violence, and secondly, the size and subject of the demonstration led the security forces to deal peacefully and cautiously with the demonstration to avoid bloodshed and escalation, and the Iraqi Prime Minister confirmed this - Mustafa Al-Kadhimi. in his statement. These behaviors can be considered a good indication that the security forces have become more careful and severe with the demonstrations, and they understand the country's circumstances. This is in line with the objective function of the security authorities in maintaining the demonstrators' safety who are demanding their rights within the legal and constitutional contexts. Furthermore, the security authorities did not clash with the demonstrators could contribute to reducing the violence that was monitored in the past, and it can also be considered an indication of the security institutions' awareness of the current situation in general, in addition to their fear of aggravating matters to unimaginable consequences.

Kurdistan organization for human right watch

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